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Dharmapala of Nalanda
Dharmapāla (traditional Chinese: 護法, pinyin: Hùfǎ) (530-561 CE). A Brahmin〔P. 293 ''India - A Travel Guide'' By Dr. B.R. Kishore, Dr. Shiv Sharma〕 Buddhist scholar, he was one of the main teachers of the Yogacara school in India. He was a contemporary of Bhavaviveka (清辯, c. 490-570 CE.), with whom he debated.〔Williams, Paul (1989) Mahayana Buddhism. The doctrinal foundations. London: Routledge, p.88〕
Xuanzang, the famous Chinese pilgrim, tells that Dharmapāla was born in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu. He was a son of a high official, and betrothed to a daughter of the king, but escaped on the eve of the wedding feast, entered the order, studied all views,〔Beal, Samuel (2001) Life of Hiuen-Tsiang , Routledge, pp 138-9〕 from Hinayana as well as Mahayana, and attained to reverence and distinction. He studied in Nalanda as a student of Dignāga. Later he succeeded him as abbot of the University. He spent his last years near the Bodhi tree, where he died.〔Lusthaus, Dan (2002) Buddhist phenomenology, a philosophical investigation of Yogacara Buddhism. Routledge, Chap. Fifteen, p. 395〕
Dharmapāla developed the theory that the external things do not exist and consciousness only exists. He explains the manifestation of the phenomenal world as arising from the eight consciousness.〔Swati Ganguly, Xuanzang, et al (1992) Treatise in thirty verses on mere consciousness , Motilal Banarsidass , p.11〕
Through the teachings of his disciple Silabhadra to Xuanzang, Dharmapāla’s tenets expanded greatly in China.〔Williams, P.,id. p.88〕 His works survive in Chinese translations.
==References==
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